The document includes8 chapters: 1) an introduction to the general debate on trade and development, 2) an overview of the situation In the Arab region, 3) the engagement of Arab countries with the WTO, 4) Arab countries and the Euro-Mediterranean partnership, 5) Arab countries and free trade agreements with the US, 6) Inter-Arab trade, 7) main challenges facing the Arab countries in trade policy-making and implementation of agreements, 8) the role of civil society organizations.